Expert Tips for Avoiding Scams

From phishing emails and fraudulent charity requests to fake investment opportunities, bad actors continuously invent new ways to deceive unsuspecting individuals. The consequences can be financial, emotional, or even legal, making it important to stay informed and cautious.

Whether you’re donating to a cause, shopping online, or responding to a suspicious message, knowing how to spot a scam can help protect you and your loved ones. Scammers prey on urgency, confusion, and trust. But with the right strategies and awareness, you can confidently navigate everyday situations without falling into their traps.

Stay Informed About Common Tactics

Scams often follow recognizable patterns, even when the details change. One of the most common scams involves pretending to be from a government agency or financial institution. The scammer might claim you owe money, have a warrant out for your arrest, or need to “verify” sensitive information. These messages typically rely on fear to trigger a fast response.

Romance scams and fake job offers are on the rise. In these cases, a fraudster might spend weeks building trust through messages or phone calls before asking for money. Investment scams often promise quick, guaranteed returns with minimal effort.

Scammers manipulate caller ID or send emails that appear to come from trusted organizations. If a deal seems too good to be true, it probably is.

Know the Red Flags When Donating

When emotions are involved during disasters or holiday seasons, people are more likely to donate to charities without conducting proper due diligence. This urgency is exactly what scammers rely on. They may create fake charity websites or impersonate real organizations to take advantage of your generosity.

The best protection is research. Look for tax ID numbers, check the charity’s website, and search for independent reviews. Transparent charities are happy to share how donations are used and offer detailed reports. Secure payment platforms are a must. Consider consulting a verified guide to scams when donating money for added protection. These guides typically outline common red flags, such as high-pressure tactics, vague language, or refusal to provide written documentation. Using official directories or platforms like the IRS’s Tax Exempt Organization Search can confirm whether a charity is legitimate.

Keep Personal and Financial Information Private

Scammers thrive on access to your information. One of the best ways to protect yourself is by never sharing personal details like Social Security numbers, banking credentials, or passwords through email, text, or over the phone, unless you initiated the contact and trust the recipient.

Even seemingly harmless information, like your address or birth date, can be used in social engineering schemes to guess passwords or security questions. Many scams begin by collecting fragments of data from different sources and piecing them together to access more valuable accounts.

Use strong, unique passwords for different accounts, and enable multi-factor authentication where possible. Avoid using public Wi-Fi for transactions or logins. If you’re ever in doubt, hang up or close the browser and contact the organization through its verified customer support channels.

Verify Before You Click or Pay

A single click can compromise your data or install malicious software. Scammers often send emails or text messages that look legitimate but contain harmful links. They might tell you your account has been locked or that you’ve won a prize, prompting you to act immediately.

Before clicking any link or downloading an attachment, verify the sender’s email address. Hover over the link to preview the URL, it should match the legitimate website of the business or organization. Look for slight misspellings or unusual domain extensions, which are signs of phishing.

If you receive an unexpected invoice, alert, or payment request, don’t follow the link directly. Instead, log in through the organization’s official website or contact them through a known phone number.

When paying online, ensure the website begins with “https://” and displays a padlock icon in the browser’s address bar. Credit cards and secure payment services offer more protection than wire transfers or debit cards.

Report Suspicious Activity Promptly

Many people hesitate to report scams out of embarrassment or uncertainty. But reporting helps prevent future incidents and alerts others to emerging threats. If you’ve been targeted—or even if something simply seems suspicious, there are several places you can go:

• Report phishing emails to your email provider and to government authorities like the FTC or your country’s equivalent.
• Contact your bank or credit card issuer immediately if you suspect a financial scam.
• Use fraud reporting forms on social media platforms or online marketplaces if the scam occurred there.

Quick action can sometimes recover funds or prevent additional losses. It also contributes to a broader system of protection by helping law enforcement track trends and shut down fraudulent networks.

Educate Others and Build a Safer Network

Scams thrive in environments where people feel isolated, uninformed, or embarrassed to ask questions. That’s why one of the most impactful actions you can take is to create an informed, connected community. Knowledge shared is protection multiplied. When individuals talk openly about scams they’ve encountered or avoided, they make it harder for fraudsters to manipulate others.

Older adults are often primary targets because they may be less familiar with rapidly evolving digital tools. At the same time, younger generations, especially teens and college students, are frequently exposed to new platforms that fraudsters exploit. Both groups can benefit from proactive education. Make it a habit to talk to your family and friends about current scam trends. Share news stories, alerts from consumer protection agencies, or even personal anecdotes. These conversations normalize skepticism and create a culture of caution.

Encourage those in your circle to verify any requests for money, login credentials, or sensitive personal data. Remind them that urgency and emotional pressure are red flags commonly used by scammers. Even if a message appears to come from a friend, bank, or trusted institution, a second opinion or quick confirmation can prevent significant harm.

Avoiding scams isn’t about being paranoid; it’s about staying informed, cautious, and confident. By recognizing red flags, safeguarding your information, and verifying unfamiliar contacts, you can dramatically reduce your risk. Make it a habit to review financial activity, ask questions before acting, and educate those around you. In doing so, you help create a safer environment not just for yourself, but for everyone in your network.